血清维生素E水平与绝经后早期女性骨密度相关性研究

目的评估绝经后早期妇女维生素E水平与骨质疏松症之间的关系。方法收集人体测量数据,骨质疏松症的危险因素,维生素E血清水平,和其他可能影响绝经后妇女骨密度的血清参数。通过多变量逻辑回归和多元线性回归分析232名绝经后早期女性骨质疏松症与年龄、绝经年龄、体质量指数、骨钙素、钙、维生素D和维生素E(分别以25羟维生素D和α-生育酚:脂质比率测定)、骨碱性磷酸酶、吸烟状况、体力活动和饮酒量之间的关系。结果在多变量逻辑回归中,较低的维生素E:脂质比率与骨质疏松症相关。在腰椎BMD作为因变量的多变量线性模型中,维生素E:脂质比率与腰椎BMD明显相关(F比率=6. 28,P=0. 001)。腰椎的BMD在维生素E:脂质比率的最高三分位数中显著高于最低三分位数。使用多变量调整的BMD后,绝经后女性(3. 1±0. 5μmol/mmol)的绝经后女性(3. 6±0. 6μmol/mmol)的平均维生素E:脂质比率显着低于正常(无骨质疏松症和骨质减少)。结论本研究表明维生素E可能会增加健康绝经后妇女的骨密度。     

Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine in Hemodialyzed Patients: A Retrospective Study

Infection is one of the leading causes of mortality in dialysis patients, second only to cardiovascular disease. This retrospective study assessed the efficacy and clinical outcomes of influenza vaccination among hemodialysis (HD) patients. In the 2014–2015 season, 104 of 164 (63.6%) HD patients were vaccinated for influenza by the outpatient community health system facilities. Significantly more patients, 159 of 170 (93.8%), were vaccinated in 2015–2016 by the hospital dialysis unit staff during an inpatient HD session (P <0.001). A trend toward fewer complications from influenza infection was observed in vaccinated patients. Among HD patients with diabetes (who comprised 56% of the study population), the incidence of influenza was 17% among nonvaccinated patients vs. 6.3% among those who were vaccinated (P =0.026). The inpatient vaccination policy resulted in a greater rate of vaccination. HD patients with diabetes benefit from influenza vaccination, with a significantly lower incidence of influenza infection.     

A randomized,double-blind,controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an intranasally administered trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine with adjuvant LTh(αK): A phase I study

Background

A nasal influenza vaccine has been available only in a live attenuated form, which limits the range of recipients to immune-competent individuals. The present study evaluated a newly developed intranasal inactivated influenza vaccine with a novel adjuvant, heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) derived from E. coli (LTh(αK)).

Comparison of immunogenicity between candidate influenza A(H3N2) virus vaccine strains in Japan: A randomized controlled trial using a monovalent vaccine of A/Saitama/103/2014 (CEXP-002) and A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (X-263)

BackgroundFor the 2017–18 influenza season, A/Saitama/103/2014 (CEXP-002) (Saitama strain) was antigenically more similar to prior circulating strains than A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (X-263) (Hong Kong strain) in a ferret model and was selected as the A(H3N2) vaccine virus strain in Japan. However, the Saitama strain grew poorly, and the Japanese government switched to the Hong Kong strain, raising public concerns of poor effectiveness. To enhance understanding of the correlation between antigenicity in experimental models and immunogenicity, as a surrogate measure of vaccine effectiveness, in the human population, we compared the immunogenicity of specially-prepared single dose monovalent influenza A(H3N2) vaccines containing the Saitama or the Hong Kong strain.MethodsA randomized controlled trial of 100 healthy adults aged 20–64 years (n = 50/group) was conducted. Virus neutralization assay was performed on sera from days 0 (pre-vaccination) and 21 (post-vaccination). Geometric mean titer (GMT), mean fold rise (MFR), seroconversion proportion (SCP), and seroprotection proportion (SPP) were calculated for vaccine strains and a representative circulating A(H3N2) virus strain (A/Osaka/188/2017).ResultsFor the Hong Kong strain, post-vaccination GMT was significantly higher in the Hong Kong vaccine recipients (1:546 vs 1:260, p < 0.01), but MFR, SCP, and SPP were similar for both vaccine groups. For the Saitama strain, post-vaccination GMT (1:116 vs 1:61, p = 0.01) and SPP (86% vs 68%, p = 0.03) were significantly higher in the Hong Kong vaccine recipients, but MFR and SCP were similar for both vaccine groups. Against A/Osaka/188/2017, post-vaccination GMT and MFR were similar in both vaccine groups, but SCP (32% vs 4%, p < 0.01) and SPP (28% vs. 6%, p < 0.01) were significantly higher in the Hong Kong vaccine recipients.ConclusionThe Hong Kong vaccine induced better or equivalent immunogenicity in comparison to the Saitama vaccine. Our trial showed that antigenic similarity in experimental models does not necessarily correlate with immunogenicity in the human population.Clinical trial registration: UMIN000029293.     

早期康复在老年股骨颈骨折合并偏瘫患者中的效果观察

目的探讨全髋关节置换术后早期康复在股骨颈骨折合并偏瘫患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年2月-2019年2月本院老年偏瘫侧股骨颈骨折患者68例。分为研究组和对照组,对照组采用常规偏瘫康复,研究组则采用术后早期康复,对比两组患者各项结果。结果术后康复训练3个月和6个月,研究组Harris髋关节评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组Brunnstrom偏瘫运动功能5期以上人数多于对照组(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),且训练后3个月和6个月,两组均未发生假体移位、松动和下沉的情况。研究组生活质量高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论全髋关节置换术后早期康复有利于提高老年股骨颈骨折合并偏瘫患者的康复,提高生活质量。